Sabtu, 24 Maret 2012

Definition of Syntax

"Syntax is the study of the principles and processes by which sentences are constructed in particular languages. Syntactic investigation of a given language has as its goal the construction of a grammar that can be viewed as a device of some sort for producing the sentences of the language under analysis.
 "Syntactic change--change in the form and order of words--is . . . sometimes described as 'an elusive
process as compared to sound change.' Its apparently puzzling nature is partly due to its variety. Word endings can be modified. Chaucer's line And smale foweles maken melodye shows that English has changed several of them in the last 600 years. The behaviour of verbs can alter. Middle English I kan a noble tale 'I know a fine story' reveals that can could once be used as a main verb with a direct object. And word order may switch. The proverb Whoever loved that loved not at first sight? indicates that English negatives could once be placed after main verbs. These are just a random sample of syntactic changes which have occurred in English in the last half-millennium or so."
(Jean Aitchison, Language Change: Progress or Decay? 3rd ed. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001)
There are some aspects that must be understood in syntax. They are:  SENTENCE AND CLAUSE, CANONICAL AND NON-CANONICAL CLAUSES, NITIAL LISTING OF THE PARTS OF SPEECH, PHRASES, ADJECTIVES AND ADJECTIVE PHRASES, ADVERBS AND ADVERB PHRASES, PREPOSITIONS AND PREPOSITION PHRASES, NEGATION, CLAUSE TYPE AND SPEECH ACTS, SUBORDINATE CLAUSES, COORDINATION, INFORMATION PACKAGING. Ok, I think That's all about the introduction of syntax. see you then.

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